Burning traces can be seen everywhere. When farmers burn straw, it's like a dust storm that makes people's eyes water. ” Drivers especially suffer. But illegal burning still persists, not only wasting resources and polluting the environment, but also seriously threatening transportation safety. Only through the virtuous cycle of straw resource development and utilization can we completely solve the problem of open straw burning, promote sustained and coordinated development of rural economy and society, improve rural residents' production and living conditions, increase farmers' income, and protect the ecological environment.
Regarding comprehensive utilization of straw, collection and processing is the most difficult initial stage. To solve the difficulties of straw collection and processing in multi-cropping agricultural areas with tight crop rotations, we should accelerate the establishment of straw collection and logistics systems, promote full mechanization of crop combined harvesting, crushing, and baling, and conduct timely and efficient processing of straw left in fields after harvesting. Straw processing equipment can also make more contributions in this area. After all, only when straw is crushed will it be relatively easier to utilize straw in biological transformation of edible fungi technology, fertilizer utilization, and feed utilization.
For a long time, straw energy utilization technology also has great potential in the future energy sector. Straw is the main living fuel for rural residents in China, as well as feed for large livestock and organic fertilizer, with a small portion used as industrial raw material and edible fungi base material. In recent years, with the transfer of rural labor, improvement of energy consumption structure, and application of various alternative raw materials, combined with high costs, poor economics, and low industrialization level of straw comprehensive utilization, regional, seasonal, and structural surplus of straw has begun to appear.
>In some developed regions abroad, the conversion of straw pellets into electricity and heat has also begun. If the government can introduce relevant preferential policies and appropriately introduce energy enterprises, even with straw as a supplementary raw material, the amount of straw consumed will not be small.
>In addition, straw charcoal making, activated carbon conversion technology, and the processing industry using straw as raw material to utilize straw pellet fuel, straw pellet direct combustion power generation, straw molding fuel, etc. Straw fiber, as a natural cellulose fiber, is also a good method for comprehensive utilization.
>Although it has many advantages, is there really no other way for straw? Besides the current traditional prohibition of burning, we should focus more on the broader field of comprehensive utilization. Can't we formulate a straw comprehensive utilization plan? Based on regional resource endowments, current utilization status, and development potential, we should clarify the direction and overall objectives of straw development and utilization, arrange construction content according to local conditions, formulate and improve various policies, gradually form a virtuous cycle of straw resource development and utilization, completely solve the problem of open straw burning, promote sustained and coordinated development of rural economy and society, improve rural residents' production and living conditions, increase farmers' income, and protect the ecological environment.
>When farmers are busy harvesting wheat and planting autumn crops, "how to deal with grass has always been a headache. Grassroots cadres are also extremely busy. Some township cadres say, "Every year when wheat is harvested, we must do all kinds of publicity and mobilization work for 'burning prohibition'. We talk in big meetings, we talk in small meetings, we issue repeated orders. All township government cadres are assigned to villages, groups, and fields. If there are not enough people, all functional stations and village group cadres are mobilized, assigned layer by layer, each responsible for their own area. Whoever's assigned area has an incident, we'll move their 'small bench'. But the masses don't listen, they light fires behind your back, sometimes in the evening, sometimes in the middle of the night, sometimes before dawn, fires break out in the fields. Even if you remove us from our positions, there's no way. In fact, most farmers are unwilling to burn straw, and if they don't burn it, there's no use for it there. Straw stubble is too high for plowing, and if they burn it, in case they burn someone else's wheat, they not only have to pay compensation but also get punished. Townships don't have professional fire brigades. By the time you get to the scene, the wheat stubble has already burned out." In today's increasingly developed agricultural science and technology, are there no good methods to deal with straw, turning what farmers were going to burn into money? There are. Relevant experts say that developing comprehensive utilization of straw is an environmentally friendly industry with broad prospects. Straw actually has many uses, such as: straw pellet feed, pellet fuel, biogas, edible fungi planting, charcoal making, board making, etc. These practical technologies just need to be further matured and promoted.
